A **process** is a program that is currently being executed by the operating system.
However, more precisely — it is not just the program itself, but the **instance** of the program in execution, including its state, resources, and data.
Solution:
A Disk Defragmenter is a **system utility** that rearranges fragmented data on a disk
so that files are stored in contiguous sectors, improving access speed and efficiency.
Hence, it belongs to the category of **Utility Programs**.
2
Which statement out of these is NOT correct about multiprocessor systems?
Solution:
Statement (B) is **incorrect** — tightly coupled systems are **not** necessarily more energy-efficient than clusters; clusters can be optimized for energy efficiency.